EVALUATION OF PRODUCTIVITY AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN HYDROPONICS

Abstract

Hydroponics, as a modern alternative plant cultivation system, is gaining increasing significance in agriculture, especially under conditions of resource limitations and changing climatic conditions. This article is dedicated to evaluating the productivity and energy consumption in hydroponic systems to identify key aspects of their efficiency and resource conservation.

The study analyzes the productivity of a hydroponic system based on real operational data. It examines the impact of parameters such as energy consumption for artificial lighting, water usage, and nutrient costs. Specifically, it explores options for reducing energy consumption through the optimization of lighting regimes and the use of energy-efficient technologies.

Arable land, freshwater resources, and natural resources are limited or unevenly distributed among different regions and countries. These resources are essential for various sectors, including food and energy production. Therefore, regardless of economic motivations, food importation appears inevitable to meet the needs of countries with significant resource deficits.

The term "virtual water" refers to the water required for the production of goods. Changes in consumption patterns, lifestyles, and demographics, particularly in developed countries, increase pressure on global water and energy resources through food imports and virtual water trade. For instance, while virtual water import might seem beneficial for water-scarce regions, empirical data indicate that this trade often occurs from regions with water and land deficits to regions rich in water but lacking in land.