INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE FERTILIZER SPREADER WITH HYDRAULIC DRIVE OF THE WORKING BODIES

Abstract

The issue of increasing the efficiency of using organic and organo-mineral fertilizers in modern agriculture by improving the design and drive of fertilizer spreaders is considered. The relevance of the problem caused by the shortage of organic fertilizers due to the reduction in livestock production and the need for rational use of available resources is substantiated. It is shown that traditional spreaders of the PRT, ROU, MTU types, which have a mechanical drive, do not provide sufficient uniformity of material distribution and stability of supply when changing the physical and mechanical properties of fertilizers.

An analysis of scientific research by domestic and foreign scientists on constructive and functional solutions in the field of distribution of solid organic and organo-mineral fertilizers is performed. It is summarized that a promising direction is the introduction of hydraulic drive systems for working bodies, which provide smooth regulation of the rotor rotation frequency and conveyor feed, automatic adaptation to load changes, increasing the uniformity of spreading and reducing energy consumption.

The structural and technological scheme of the spreader of organic-mineral fertilizers with a hydraulic drive of the working bodies is presented. The structure, principle of operation of the spreader and its hydraulic drive, which includes a two-section pump, hydraulic motors of the rotors and conveyor, a piston hydraulic cylinder of the dosing valve, a system of throttles and distributors, is described.

The proposed technical solution ensures increased uniformity of the application of organic-mineral fertilizers, dosing accuracy, reduced energy consumption and increased reliability of the unit. The use of a hydraulic drive creates the prerequisites for the implementation of adaptive control of the technological parameters of application, which meets the modern requirements of precise and resource-saving agriculture.