METHODS AND MEANS OF DIAGNOSING HIGH-VOLTAGE MEASURING TRANSFORMERS

Abstract

The article examines modern methods and tools for diagnosing high-voltage measuring transformers, which are critically important elements of electric power systems. The design features and operating modes of current and voltage transformers are analyzed, including the specifics of their insulation systems. Traditional diagnostic methods are considered in detail, including insulation resistance measurement, absorption coefficient, dielectric loss tangent, and transformation ratio verification. Special attention is paid to chromatographic analysis of gases dissolved in transformer oil as the most effective method for detecting internal defects. Rogers ratio methods and dynamic analysis of gas concentration changes for identifying defect types and intensity are examined. The possibilities of thermal imaging diagnostics for detecting local overheating and vibration diagnostics for identifying mechanical defects are analyzed. The prospects of digital technology applications are highlighted, including online monitoring systems, intelligent sensors, machine learning algorithms, and digital twins. The necessity of a comprehensive approach to diagnostics with integration of results from different methods is substantiated, and the development prospects of diagnostic technologies are considered. The research demonstrates that while traditional electrical methods remain fundamental, their effectiveness is significantly enhanced when combined with modern technologies such as dissolved gas analysis, thermal imaging, and vibration monitoring. Digital technologies open new possibilities for creating intelligent diagnostic systems capable of real-time operation and predictive maintenance, representing a promising direction for improving power equipment reliability.